Most time manipulation technologies, ranging from Localized Reality Control Fields to the temporal stasis technology used in early space-travel make use of a number of major breakthroughs in the understanding of physics, collectively known as Temporal Aether Theory.
Physical Energy = Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy
Dark Energy = Vacuum Energy
Spatiotemporal Energy = Dark Energy / Physical Energy
Mrel = m0/√1-v2/c2
E = ½ ħω/mrelc2
f = 1 / t
E = hf
E = h / t
t = h / E
h / t = mc2
t = h / mc2
h = EST + Λ
A particle at rest is still moving through time. This means that if a particle has rest mass and a normal velocity, it has a very small Spatiotemporal Energy. Nearing the speed of light, such a particle will reach a limit of near infinitely little Spatiotemporal Energy, causing a slow down of time.
Conversely, a particle without rest mass at a normal velocity is impossible, but one such as a photon moving at the speed of light has a miniscule time energy, enough to exist but not likely to change state. Interestingly, a non-moving no rest mass particle would have infinite Spatiotemporal Energy. The vacuum of space therefore has infinite energy.
Another interesting effect is that while more positive Physical Energy is less positive Spatiotemporal Energy, if either energy goes negative, the other goes as well, such that zero Physical Energy is simultaneously infinite positive and infinite negative Spatiotemporal Energy, and zero Spatiotemporal Energy is infinite positive and infinite negative Physical Energy.
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21128241-700-beyond-space-time-welcome-to-phase-space/
In terms of phase space, Energy and Time are equivalent.
Weak force decays violate CP symmetry, implying that they are temporal in nature.
Also, it was found that the weak force is affected by solar flares, such that radioactive decay, which was thought to be constant, was actually modifiable. Neutrinos can impart energy and momentum into matter via the Weak Interaction. Every second, in the region of the Earth, about 65 billion (6.5×1010) solar neutrinos pass through every square centimetre perpendicular to the direction of the sun. In fact, this process imparts Spatiotemporal Energy into regions of space. It also has the ability to slow the rate of Weak decay, by imparting energy into particles that would otherwise decay.
Spatiotemporal Energy is carried by Axion like particles called Aeonons that fill space uniformly as a Bose-Einstein condensate, a kind of Dirac sea. It is further mediated by neutrinos, including a sterile neutrino called the Chronino that can travel between dimensions and impart energy to Aeonons. They also receive energy from matter through gravitational interactions mediated by gravitons. Some of this inter-dimensional energy is in fact negative energy.
This explained the disparity in Quantum Field Theory which suggested a huge Cosmological Constant, cancelled by an almost equally large term of the opposite sign, and thus dark energy, which, like the zero-point energy of the Casimir effect, created negative pressure that expanded the universe. Essentially, it was a form of Quintessence. Furthermore, it suggested that negative mass is normally confined to extra-dimensional spacetime, though it exerts negative pressure on the physical universe.
In the case of the slowed radioactive decay during the surges of neutrinos during solar flares, the solar neutrinos were imparting extra positive energy into the atoms, thus slowing the natural decay clock by increasing the ratio of positive to negative energy.
http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn6092-speed-of-light-may-have-changed-recently.html
Studies on the Oklo natural nuclear reactor have shown that the speed of light has increased in the last two billion years. The Faint Young Sun Paradox notes that solar output was only 70% that of now two billion years ago. Thus, the speed of light has increased in proportion to the output of solar neutrinos. This can be attributed to a time dilation effect in which the local time has slowed down relative to the constant speed of light, especially since the speed of light calculation in these studies depends on a decrease in the fine-structure constant, calculated from an increased cross section of neutron capture of samarium-149. Neutron capture is mediated by the Strong Force, and so unaffected by neutrino weak interactions. As such, it can function as an outside observer clock to time dilation effects caused by neutrinos. That is to say, speed of light should appear to increase according to this metric, when the neutrino mediated time has slowed down.
The energy is imparted through a fifth force dubbed the Darklight, Aetheric or Quintessent force. This force functions like the electromagnetic force, except it exists only in other dimensions than our own.
An interesting side effect for space travel is that the closer one goes to a neutrino emitting massive object, like a star, the gravitational time dilation is cancelled out by the neutrino emission. Similarly, being far from a gravity well and a neutrino emitter, such as in empty space far from anything, one experiences minimal time dilation. This is seen in the Pioneer anomaly. Pioneer 1 and 2 are leaving the solar system, and as such, the effects of gravitational time dilation are lessening for them, meaning that to us, they should be accelerating. However, they are also receiving less sterile neutrinos, which slows down time for them, causing a deceleration.
This explained the Pioneer anomaly and the Flyby anomaly, and led to the theory that time was propagated by a form of energy. It also allowed for an automatic stasis effect in space travel at relativistic speeds.
The earliest use of this was in temporal stasis technology, which could slow down or freeze an area of spacetime. An observer inside the Localized Temporal Stasis Zone would experience little or no time passing, but would emerge from stasis in some point in the future. In addition to applying traditional gravitational and relativistic time dilation techniques, this could be achieved by shielding the stasis zone of sterile neutrinos. Similar to in Niven’s Known Space, this is often achieved by a enclosing a volume in a perfectly reflecting surface. This is the difference between silver stasis and black stasis. In such a condition, manipulation of such objects from within the field is impossible, but whereas in silver stasis the objects are protected, in black stasis everything absorbed by the blackness will suddenly appear when the stasis ends.
To use this effect to induce a Localized Temporal Acceleration Field, a region of spacetime must be saturated with sterile neutrinos. Alternatively, you can create negative mass to generate reverse gravitational time dilation. Either way, this causes an observer to experience time at the same speed inside the field, but time seems to almost stop outside the field.